Opening Night The Scene From The Airport Slums - 1268 Words

In Katherine Boo’s â€Å"Opening Night: The scene from the airport slums,† we see the continual contrast in Mumbai between the extremely poor and the rich. She describes the effects of extreme poverty. The juxtapositions highlight the social disruption, economic disadvantages can cause. We also learn that movie’s depiction of slums is glamorized and unrealistic. Most shocking the author focuses on several characters, mostly young people (like Sunil), and describes the environment they live in. We see the overwhelming effects of extreme poverty in every aspect of their lives and realize they will not be able to escape and rise out of the slums. The lack of education and jobs are preventing these people from progressing. We realize how the rich†¦show more content†¦The â€Å"garbage business† consists of gathering airport garbage and recycling. He had to roam the airport roads and retrieve objects others tossed away. He was a â€Å"lawful† s cavenger. However, he had to change his profession when the American recession occurred. People in the garbage business had to resort to stealing metal. Sunil postponed certain burglaries as a way of procrastinating since he was terrified. He was risking his life to provide food. A child having to support his younger sibling is shocking. The author explains why. Sunil has to immediately assume the parental role of supporting himself and his sister, mainly because his father had only occasional work and then drank his wages. Often he never bothers to work, he is constantly drunk, and has no relationship with Sunil or his daughter. We discover Sunil has to take control and responsibility beginning at the age of seven. Now at thirteen, he is fully responsible for his younger sister. He emphasizes he works daily, unlike his father who occasionally works. Yet we see the small boy when he states that â€Å"when he was small, he’d lost his sister for a week, but he has been careful not to misplace her after that.† We see a boy at a very young age assume complete responsibility for his sister, which means that he by in large no longer can be a child. He no longer can get an education. It is shocking how he states he lost his sister when he

Love Is Life s Greatest Offer - 881 Words

What is love? Love is life’s greatest offer, love gives our lives meaning, value and makes us who we are. Without love our existence is hollow and insubstantial. To live a fulfilling life is to love courageously and relentlessly. Love is a simplified term to describe the feelings of pleasure, compassion and attachment associated with love without defining the specific aspect or origin from which it came. For millions of years the topic of love has inspired countless works of art, literature, film, music and numerous other forms of self expression all around the world. To grasp the meaning of love we must evaluate the distinguishing characteristics of love, how love makes you feel, what it means to be loved, and how being loved is different from loving. Since the beginning of time love has been the driving force propelling the circle of life across different species, nationalities and cultures around the world. The way our forefathers went about finding someone to love with who m they could marry and cohabitate is very different from how date and find a spouse today. Every living creature needs love to survive. One example of this is that anytime a female becomes pregnant an instinctual, deep, maternal love is energized. While her baby is in the early stages of evolving from an initial microscopic size the mother is profoundly devoted to the life growing in her womb. This motherly instinct is present in both humans and many other mammals such as cheetahs, orangutans and bears.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter 1128 Words   |  5 Pageswas a sea captain.He was descedant as a Puritan family known for their attacks on Quakers , Indians and ‘’witches ‘’.Therefore when he was 20 years old , he added a ‘’w’’ to his original name â€Å"†Hathorne’’ as a distance to his family past . 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Chaucer Marie De France Essay Example For Students

Chaucer Marie De France Essay In his The Millers Tale Chaucer presents a side of the courtly love tradition never seen before. His characters are average middle class workers rather than elite nobility. There is an interesting comparison between the Millers characters and those in two of Marie de Frances lais that share very close plot lines. Instead of being idealized Chaucers characters are gritty. Instead of being involved in courtly love there is some evidence that the relationship between Alison and Nicholas is one of lust. Chaucers use of the lower class makes the absurdity of what they are doing stand out. In the lais of Marie de France, Guigemare and Yonec, are built on the same archetype which is the same as Chaucers Millers tale uses. Maries lais can give provide a set of ground rules for this archetype. The two lais share several similar elements. They both contain the same three central characters, who possesses fundamental similarities, the same beginning plot line and several of the same themes. The first character shared by the two lais is the storys villain, the aged husband. He is a powerful lord who is much older than his wife. Because he is conscious of this fact, he worries constantly that his wife will betray him, so he locks her up. He is both the least and most important figure in the story. Hes important because without his presence and actions the story could never take place. But he has very little actual interaction with the other two more central characters. The husband in Yonec is never described as meeting either his wife or her lover. In Guigemare the husband, wife and Guigemare are only together when the two lovers are discovered. The figure of the beautiful, imprisoned wife is the second central character. She is the quintessential damsel in distress, beautiful, noble and with the exception of her one true love chaste. The third character is the valiant lover who rescues the unhappy and imprisoned damsel. In both Guigemare and Yonec this character is a knight, and like his lover, the damsel in distress, he is the stereotypical knight in shining armor. He is described as being afflicted by love, and says he will die without it. He will go to any extent for his true love. As with characters both Guigemare and Yonec share a similar plot line. The young wife is locked up by her jealous husband. Then by some magical means her lover is transported to her. After some protestation from the woman, and some wooing from the knight, the two become lovers, until they are discovered and separated. After this point the two plots diverge. Also central to both stories is the idea that these extra-marital affairs are not improper. In Guigemare, the ladys maid says to the knight: The man who wishes to love my lady must keep her constantly in his thoughts and, if you remain faithful to each other, the love between you will be right and proper. pg. 49 Obviously fidelity is important, but not forced fidelity. Love is more important than marriage in these lais. Its also important to note the chastity of the lovers. There is no mention of contact between the imprisoned wives and their husbands. In Yonec the Lord of Caerwent takes his wife for the purpose of child bearing, but she is imprisoned for seven years before meeting her lover and no children are evidenced from the text. Guigemare has never been in love before he meets his true love. This gives the love and actions between the pairs seem even more pure, and also makes it seem to be less sinful. .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 , .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .postImageUrl , .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 , .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522:hover , .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522:visited , .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522:active { border:0!important; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522:active , .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522 .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uecd956827fb8ba1b8fe5a9dcb9f90522:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How much control should the US EssayLove is a powerful force in both these stories. It is not only the driving force behind the characters actions, but it also causes them physical affliction. Marie de France writes in Guigemare: But love had now pierced him to the quick and his heart was greatly disturbed. For the lady wounded him so deeply he had completely forgotten his homeland. . . The knight remained alone, mournful and downcast. He did not yet realize the cause, but at least he knew that, if he were not cured by the lady his death would be assured. pg. 48 To Guigemare at least love is the most important thing there is. This consideration is even more striking by the fact that Guigemare either could not or would not fall in love while in his own land. So those are the basic elements involved in the imprisoned wife archetype used by Marie. In The Millers Tale Chaucer uses same basic plot line, and similar characters. One of the largest differences between the Chaucers characters and Maries characters is their level of wealth and their position in society. This causes them to be portrayed in a different manner than Maries rich, noble characters. The first of the three major characters is present largely unchanged. He is not of course a king or lord, but John the carpenter is obviously a man of at least some amount of wealth, evidenced by the fact that he has a house that is big enough that he can rent rooms from. He is also more present than the jealous husband of Marie. He does not lock his wife up in a tower and stay far away from her. Unlike the husbands in Maries lais he still has contact with his wife. The two sleep in the same bed as we see when Absalom tries to sing to Alison. Johns level of jealousy is not as great as that of Maries husbands. When he awakens to hear Absalom singing to his wife he does nothing. And as Absalom continues to try to woo Johns wife away from him in his presence, he still does nothing. The king in Yonec kills his wifes lover, in Guigemare he at first attempts to do the same. He even allows a man, Nicholas, to be near to his wife. The only man allowed close to Guigemares lover is a priest who had lost his lower members. Alison, Chaucers imprisoned wife, is less of the ideal than her counterparts in Marie. Certainly she is beautiful. But her is beauty is slightly flawed. She is graceful and slim like weasel. By comparing her with a weasel Chaucer makes Alison seem to be dirty and untrustworthy. Morally the comparison between Alison and her counterparts in Marie is more confusing. Chaucer describes her as having a wanton eye. But her protestation seems to be more real, and Nicholas seems to have gone to farther lengths to make her his lover. When Nicholas professes his love to her Chaucer describes her reaction as such: twisted her head away hard/ and said, I wont kiss you, on my faith;/ why let me be, she said, let be, Nicholas, or Ill cry Help! and alas! pg. 55 Alison seems quite adamantly opposed to becoming Nicholas lover here, as opposed to the wife in Yonec, who simply needs proof that her lover to be is Christian. Her refusals, and then Nicholas only winning when he had pushed her so hard sounds, at least to the modern reader, to be rape. But just lines later she swears a vow with Nicholas. The shifts made by the women in Marie are not nearly so drastic. At no point in Guigemare or Yonec do you get the feeling that the women will refuse either of their lovers. Their protests are almost just for propriety sake, the medieval version of playing hard to get. .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b , .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .postImageUrl , .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b , .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b:hover , .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b:visited , .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b:active { border:0!important; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b:active , .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7959ee8efc7931a4ee83acaf2c39863b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Death Penalty: In The Name Of Justice? EssayBut in Alisons refusal there is no apparent support for her actions shortly thereafter. Possibly the reason for Alisons shifting actions is due to Chaucers image of women at the time, as was argued against by Christine de Pisan. The figure of the rescuing lover is divided into two parts by Chaucer. Pleasant Nicholas is the actual lover, but Absalom is the stereotype of the courtly lover. Aside from the fact that he actually becomes her lover Nicholas shares very little with the knights of Marie de France. He is not especially handsome, being described as looking as meek as a maiden. Also unlike Guigemare certainly he is not chaste, nor is this his first love. Chaucer writes: he knew all about secret love and pleasurable consolations. pg. 151 This makes the love between Alison and Nicholas seem to be less pure. Instead of Alison being the only woman for him, as is Guigemares lover, she may just be another in a string of many. Absalom, on the other hand, possesses many more of the qualities that one would expect that a lover in a story about courtly love would have. He is described as being handsome, or at least well groomed. He involves himself in what could be described as courtly pursuits such as dancing Chaucer says that he knew twenty different steps and can play two instruments. His attempts at winning her love are more traditionally romantic. He sings under her window, sends her gifts and even money to try to earn her love. Like Maries knights Absalom is afflicted by love. Alison causes him to stay awake at night. But he is also a little squeamish/ about farting and prim in speech. pg. 157, not the most masculine of characters. The Miller views Johns marriage to Alison as a mistake. He says: People should marry according to their condition,/ for youth and age are often at odds. pg. 153 In considering what happens to the two lovers at the end of the story there is no indication that Chaucer thought that what they were doing was wrong. It would seem that if their actions where thought to be incorrect then they would have been discovered, and some sort of misfortune would have resulted to cite a more extreme case, the Jews in the Prioresses Tale. But instead, of being punished they get away with their affair. Absalom gets his revenge on Nicholas with a hot poker, but John the carpenter seems to be the ultimate loser. Nicholas and Alison get away with their night of passion, and hes made to look like a fool in front of the whole neighborhood. Class is the major difference between the characters of Chaucer the Millers Tale and Maries lais. Maries lovers are idealized, what each knight and lady should strive for. Chaucers lovers are dirty, animal like and raucous. The Millers Tale is a parody of the courtly love tradition. But the fact that Chaucer uses the lower classes as his characters makes his story even more absurd. Instead of being wise they are foolish.

Tribal inference essay

The language of a people is mostly a representation of how the respective people view their world and interpret their experiences. The structure of a people’s language can therefore be used to make inferences about their unique ways of life therefore providing a means by which we can reconstruct the life of a civilization. In this paper, I shall attempt to reconstruct the life of a lost tribe, the Amiable people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tribal inference essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Amiable people civilization has just recently been discovered by archaeologists. The reconstruction efforts shall be achieved by analyzing some words that linguistic anthropologists have highlighted as characterizing the society’s language. I shall use these linguistic characteristics as a basis for making plausible claims about the tribe. Although it is impossible to pinpoint the exact geographical location that the Amiables lived, their language sheds some light as to the nature of the land that the tribe may have occupied. It is probable that the tribe lived in a plain or prairie region. Their words for describing the terrain of their land are limited to â€Å"absolutely flat,† â€Å"rolling,† and â€Å"slightly hilly.† It is therefore quite unlikely that the tribe lived in a mountainous region as their language does not accommodate words for such terrains. The fact that the tribe also has a dozen terms for grains including eight for wheat alone also suggests that the tribe was extensively involved in wheat farming. This further reinforces the possibility that the tribe was from the plains and prairies since these are the areas in which wheat farming thrives. It is possible that the Amiable’s lived deep inland as their language lacks a term for â€Å"ocean.† Their lack of a word for â€Å"fish† also hints that they did not live near any large water bodies as it is inconceivable that any costal tribe would fail to engage in fishing as an economic activity. From the Amiable’s language, we find that they had several words for precipitation with most translating as â€Å"rain† and only one meaning â€Å"snow.† One might suggest from these that their climate was characterized by regular rains and snow falls were only periodically phenomena. The Amiables language offers us some valuable insight into the type of foods that the tribe may have consumed. The prevalence of words for grain in their language might be a possible indication that grains, and particularly wheat, was the staple food of the people. In as much as their language gives a positive indication that these people reared animals such as cows, pigs and sheep, there is no indication that the tribe utilized these animals for meat or hide. For example, their language lacks words that translate to â€Å"beef,† â€Å"pork,† â €Å"veal,† or â€Å"leather,† despite having words such as â€Å"cow,† â€Å"pig,† and â€Å"sheep.†Advertising Looking for essay on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This could be an indication that the Amiables did not kill the animals for food or hide. It is therefore a plausible assumption that the Amiables were a vegetarian people. However, there it is possible that the Amiables might have used the animals for other means that did not involve killing them e.g. cows for their milk or sheep for their wool since it would be preposterous to concede that they kept these animals as pets. All this is however speculative as we do not have a full inventory of their language. From the language of the Amiables, it can be proposed that great value was placed on the family. The word woman is synonymous with â€Å"wife and mother† to the Amiable’s and the term man is synonymo us with â€Å"husband and father†. It is therefore evident that to the tribe, the woman was primarily viewed as a wife and mother to the children and the man as a husband and father of the children. These fusions of the terms (man and woman) with terms related to a family life suggest that the Amiables placed great value on the family which was made up of a man and a woman. The language of the Amiables contains many terms for children some of which translate as â€Å"wise small one† â€Å"innocent leader† and â€Å"little stargazer†. One can conclude from this that children were highly regarded by the Amiables. This supposition is further advanced by the fact that the Amiables had seven terms to describe the stages of life up to puberty (which marks the end of childhood) and only one term to describe life henceforth to death. It can therefore be speculated that the family of these tribe was centered on the children. Sex was primarily used for procreation and their term for sex translates as â€Å"to plant a wise one,† therefore underscoring the procreative role that sex played to the Amiables as well as the reverence with which children were held. The Amiable tribe was a literate and educated people. This can be deduced from the many words that the tribe had for books which implies a great exposure by the tribe to books. It is therefore possible that great emphasis was placed on a formal education that resulted in the ability to read by the population. One might also concede that this people were well cultured and had an inclination to the artistic works. For example, the Amiables had nine words for artist which suggests that there were a number of people engaged in arts. The presence of four words for theatre also suggests that there were numerous artistic presentations such as plays and songs that the general population went to watch in the theatres.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tribal inference es say specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The social construct of the Amiables was based on communal leadership. This is evident from the fact that the tribe had several words for leaders but all in the plural form. This suggest that in as much as the tribe relied on strong and effective leadership to steer the tribe to success, the leadership role was not placed in the hands of one person but rather collective responsibility was encouraged. The Amiables were also non-violent as can be illustrated from the lack of a word for violent conflict or war in their language. They preferred to resolve their conflicts diplomatically instead of engaging in war. For this reason, the people who could act as reconcilers were held in high esteem as is suggested from the Amiable’s term of praise translating to â€Å"peacemaker† and â€Å"conciliator†. This paper set out to reconstruct the life of the Amiable civilization by analyzing their language. It has been discovered that the Amiables were a peaceful and learned people who placed high value on family and their children. What is admirable about this people to me is that they realized that leadership in the hands of one person can corrupt and therefore took to collective leadership. Their cultural standards were also impressive as is suggested by their artistry. However, the data provided is not sufficient to conclusively reconstruct interesting facets of their lives such as their economic activities and exactly how the tribe resolved its disputes diplomatically thus averting the use of violence. Such information would be precious to our civilization which can no doubt borrow a lot from the Amiables. This essay on Tribal inference essay was written and submitted by user Annabelle Noble to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.